IOLI 0x05
check again, it uses scanf() to get our input and pass it to check() as parameter.
[0x080483d0]> pdd@main
/* r2dec pseudo code output */
/* ./crackme0x05 @ 0x8048540 */
#include <stdint.h>
int32_t main (void) {
int32_t var_78h;
int32_t var_4h;
eax = 0;
eax += 0xf;
eax += 0xf;
eax >>= 4;
eax <<= 4;
printf ("IOLI Crackme Level 0x05\n");
printf ("Password: ");
eax = &var_78h;
scanf (0x80486b2, eax); // 0x80486b2 is %s
eax = &var_78h;
check (eax);
eax = 0;
return eax;
}
the check() function:
/* r2dec pseudo code output */
/* ./crackme0x05 @ 0x80484c8 */
#include <stdint.h>
int32_t check (char * s) {
char * var_dh;
uint32_t var_ch;
uint32_t var_8h;
int32_t var_4h;
char * format;
int32_t var_sp_8h;
var_8h = 0;
var_ch = 0;
do {
eax = s;
eax = strlen (eax);
if (var_ch >= eax) {
goto label_0;
}
eax = var_ch;
eax += s;
eax = *(eax);
var_dh = al;
eax = &var_4h;
eax = &var_dh;
sscanf (eax, eax, 0x8048668); // 0x8048668 is %d
edx = var_4h;
eax = &var_8h;
*(eax) += edx;
if (var_8h == 0x10) {
eax = s;
parell (eax);
}
eax = &var_ch;
*(eax)++;
} while (1);
label_0:
printf ("Password Incorrect!\n");
return eax;
}
The same, we can write our own C-like pseudo code.
#include <stdint.h>
int32_t check(char *s)
{
var_ch = 0;
var_8h = 0;
for (var_ch = 0; var_ch < strlen(s); ++var_ch)
{
var_dh = s[var_ch];
sscanf(&var_dh, %d, &var_4h); // read from string[var_ch], store to var_4h
var_8h += var_4h;
if(var_8h == 0x10)
parell(s);
}
printf("Password Incorrect!\n");
return 0;
}
The if condition becomes var_8h == 0x10. In addition, a new function call - parell(s) replace the printf("password OK")now. The next step is to reverse sym.parell.
[0x08048484]> s sym.parell
[0x08048484]> pdd@sym.parell
/* r2dec pseudo code output */
/* ./crackme0x05 @ 0x8048484 */
#include <stdint.h>
uint32_t parell (char * s) {
int32_t var_4h;
char * format;
int32_t var_8h;
eax = &var_4h;
eax = s;
sscanf (eax, eax, 0x8048668);
eax = var_4h;
eax &= 1;
if (eax == 0) {
printf ("Password OK!\n");
exit (0);
}
return eax;
}
the decompiled code looks well except the sscanf() function. It can be easily corrected by checking the assembly code.
/ 68: sym.parell (int32_t arg_8h);
| ; var int32_t var_4h @ ebp-0x4
| ; arg int32_t arg_8h @ ebp+0x8
| ; var int32_t var_sp_4h @ esp+0x4
| ; var int32_t var_8h @ esp+0x8
| 0x08048484 55 push ebp
| 0x08048485 89e5 mov ebp, esp
| 0x08048487 83ec18 sub esp, 0x18
| 0x0804848a 8d45fc lea eax, [var_4h]
| 0x0804848d 89442408 mov dword [var_8h], eax
| 0x08048491 c74424046886. mov dword [var_sp_4h], 0x8048668 ; [0x8048668:4]=0x50006425 %d
| 0x08048499 8b4508 mov eax, dword [arg_8h]
| 0x0804849c 890424 mov dword [esp], eax
| 0x0804849f e800ffffff call sym.imp.sscanf ; int sscanf(const char *s, const char *format, ...)
....
The mov dword [esp], eax is the nearest instruction to sscanf (and it's equivalent to a push instruction). It stores the string 's' to the stack top (arg1). mov dword [var_sp_4h], 0x8048668 push '%d' as arg2 into stack. var_8h (esp + 0x8) which keeps the address of var_4h is the arg3.
Finally we have the corrected pseudo code:
uint32_t parell (char * s) {
sscanf (s, %d, &var_4h);
if ((var_4h & 1) == 0) {
printf ("Password OK!\n");
exit(0);
}
return 0;
}
Now there are 2 constraints:
- Digit Sum is 16 (0x10)
- Must be an odd number (1 & number == 0)
The password is at our fingertips now.
$ ./crackme0x05
IOLI Crackme Level 0x05
Password: 88
Password OK!
$ ./crackme0x05
IOLI Crackme Level 0x05
Password: 12346
Password OK!
we can also use angr to solve it since we have two constraints to the password.